The electric grid’s impact on carbon emissions and pollution depends on the types of power plants generating the electricity.
- Fossil Fuels: When the grid relies heavily on coal, oil, or natural gas plants, it results in high carbon emissions and air pollution. These plants release carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter, contributing to climate change and health problems.
- Renewable Energy: If the grid incorporates more renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydroelectric power, it significantly reduces carbon emissions and pollution. Renewables produce little to no greenhouse gases or air pollutants during operation.
Transitioning to a grid powered by renewable energy sources is key to reducing the negative environmental impacts associated with electricity generation.